JXQ-10A, Update to Setting One Up

Updates to my knowledge of the JXQ-10A Gasifier since I put the main page up:

Last Revised: October 22, 2023

JXQ10ABlowercontrol
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April 10, 2009
Ready to Fire it up

After input from some of you on the Gasifier list, I decided to add a cyclone separator to try to get extra tar and condensate out of the gas stream. So I built an exact copy of the GEK cyclone separator. I have now attached all the plumbing I need in order to fire the thing up. I added a flare. I added an output pressure gage just behind the flare and a +/-12"WC differential U-tube manometer to sense differences in pressure between the middle and right hand chambers. For the first firing, I will hook it up to the stove that came with it. I don't get my generator set until the end of this month.
Ready to Go

CAD Drawing of What I think is inside the Reactor

What's in the Filter Box

I'm now ready to declare what I think is actually inside the filter box. After much poking around, measuring around corners, etc., I drew up a CAD image and I will present it below. Now that I have the machine ready to fire up, I have been able fill the lower chamber with water, to the prescribed level, and run the blower. I have watched the pressures as I did various things to restrict the input and output as might occur during realtime operation. These tests seem to confirm that I'm on the right track.
Please feel free to correct me if you find an error.

There are 3 "tanks".
The left approximately 1/3 of the filter contains the cooling water tank. That is a separate tank and holds cooling water. I suppose that if you are only using a tiny bit of gas, you may not need to constantly run cooling through it. As we received this machine, there were quarter turn valves on both the upper and lower pipe connections, but there was an open top tee on between the outlet pipe and the valve at the top. I assume that one can fill this tank by pushing water in from the bottom until it runs out the top of this tee. Then one could leave the tee open so as the water heats up, it has someplace to expand to.
If you will be using lots of gas, then I assume you will need to keep up some sort of water flow to keep the water temperature down. Cool gas is dense gas. I will attach a garden hose to the lower tank pipe and push cool water in there. I will plug the upper tee so the water will have to exit through the valve at the top to a drain hose.

The center tank contains the blower's suction side. The right hand tank contains 3 baffles and, at the top of this tank, the "final filter" chamber. These two chambers are separated by a metal plate the extends from the top of the filter to within about 2 or 3 inches of the bottom. Water that is poured into the right hand tank through the vertical stand pipe fills both chambers. The little 1/2" diameter tube welded to the side of the standpipe is located at about the maximum level that the is to be filled to, I think.

CAD Drawings of What I think is inside the filter box

Pete's Theory of Filter Operation

-The hot gas comes in from the left and is directed downward through a perforated plate and into the water by the 90 degree elbow.
-On the way through the incoming pipe and elbow, the hot gases loose some of their energy.
-As the blower suction pulls the gases down through the water, dust and some impurities are caught and removed from the gas stream. More gas cooling also occurs. One might be lead to believe that some of this heat is transfered to the left tank by conduction through the common tank wall.
This process must cause a lot of bubbling and frothing. This bubbles must be prevented from getting any further, so:
-The blower's input pipe has a 90 degree elbow pointing upward and that upward pipe is almost 12 iches long. Since the blower's input is about 2 feet above the water at this point, I assume that hardly any of the bubbles or froth reach its input.
-The blower pushes the now cooler, cleaner gas back into the water that is in the bottom of the filter, but this time, it goes into the water filled space in the right hand tank. The gas has to bubble through the water again.
-Now the gas is forced upwards and it encounters 3 horizontal baffle plates that force the gases to change direction 3 times on their way to the final filter. I assume this process removes some water and maybe any heavy particles that somehow made it this far.
-The cooled and fairly impurity free, but not tar free gas now pushes upward through the perforated plate that is the floor of the final filter chamber. The manual says to fill this chamber with "maize cores" (corn cobs) or with activated charcoal. I am worried that little bits of this material might fall through the 1/2" holes in the perforated plate and later plug the drain, so I will cover the plate with metal window screen. Anyway, we will use charcoal that we think is "activated" because we have been told that charcoal can trap tar, whereas corn cobs can not.
-Finally, the gas exits the filter at the top of the right hand chamber.
-That's not the end of the story, however.
What about the little 1/2" pipe welded to the side of the standpipe?
The manual says to connect a rubber tube to the 1/2" diameter tube and to hold it above the outlet when the gasifier is running. Well, if you fill the lower water tank to about 4" in depth, that's just about the same level as the bottom of that tube. The manual says that you should lower the tube to drain the excess at the end of the run. I guess the idea here is that any additional condensates will add to the depth of the water in the tank. I also guess that they think the "bad" stuff will accumulate on the surface of the water in there, so letting the excess out will get rid of the bad stuff that the system has collected during the run.

What about the standpipe? The standpipe is the only way you can get water into the lower tank. In the original patent drawings, which, as you know are very different from what we have here, show a funnel sitting on that pipe. Maybe not a bad idea, but I have put a small fishing bobber in there so I can see the water level in the right side tank change as the blower's suction dynamics are at work. The fact that the standpipe is open to the atmosphere leads me to believe that it's a sort of an air lock/safety valve/regulator, a potentially messy one, at that.


March 28, 2009
Blower hook up:
Some of these machines have 120 VDC blowers, although the "originals", I guess, did or do come with 220VAC blowers. My machine does, in fact, have the 120VDC blower, despite what the instructions say. George Breckenridge kindly sent me a KBPC3510 full wave bridge rectifier for my machine.
This rectifier is a 30 amp, 1000 PIV device, so one might not need a heat sink, but George recommended one. The case of this rectifier is isolated from diodes. This is a very good thing because DC is very bad to have running around.
I mounted the rectifier in a Radio Shack project box about 2 1/2" X 2" X 5". It comes with two lids; one of plastic and one of aluminum. I mounted the rectifier to the inside of the aluminum lid and added a SPST toggle switch on this same lid.
Next, I cut a piece of 1/2" plywood to about 2' X 3" and dished out the back of its so it would sit flat on top of the blower motor. I cut slots into the sides of the project box, right at the bottom. This allowed me to slip a hose clamp through the box and clamp the whole thing right on top of the blower motor.
Once I had the mounting figured out, I installed a nice 3 wire power cord, complete with strain relief. And, of course, I wired the whole thing up. I used faston (spade connectors) for everything but the switch, which required soldering.

Blower "specs":
I put the word "specs" in quotes because these are just the numbers that I got.
My blower runs at 3300 RPM's and draws 1.3 amps from the AC line at 122 volts. The Killawatt says it is consuming 130 watts. Must be some reactive something going on in there.

Blower output:
To measure the blower output, I bought a couple of 10" water column dial gages from Surplus Center. Real nice, they are, for about $6 each.
I wanted to know the maxiumum pressure that the blower could produce so it anything happened to it, I'd know what I would need to replace it with. So, I disconnected the 90 degree hose between the output of the blower and the input to the right hand filter chamber. I screwed a gage into a piece of sheet metal and placed it directly over the blower output.
Pressure= 6 1/2" water column, at 122 volts AC applied.

Getting ready to fire up:
I added one of the above pressure gages to the top of the right hand filter chamber, 1" in from the gas outlet.
Since I never did find out how to decide whether to use flowing water or a heat exchanger on the filter's left hand chamber (the sealed water tank), I have decided to add a radiator of sorts for now.
A friend suggested using an old air conditioner evaporator for this purpose. It only has 3/8" lines, but we will see. If it doesn't work well enough, I guess I'll try a small car radiator.

More later.